To achieve the expected outcomes, all or some of the following should be addressed.

• Next generation airborne avionics platforms enabling autonomy: This element will involve the development of integrated airborne avionics platforms leveraging state-of-the-art technologies and enabling the safe integration of autonomous airborne operations (single-pilot operations, RPAS and HAO) into the ATM system (R&I needs: single-pilot operations; enabling greater ground and airborne integration and wider performance; integration of drones into all classes of airspace; super-high-altitude-operating aerial vehicles).
• Air–ground integration enabling future operations. This element will involve the development of operational solutions allowing for the safe integration of autonomous airborne operations (single-pilot operations, RPAS and HAO) into the ATM system (R&I needs: single-pilot operations; enabling greater ground and airborne integration and wider performance; integration of drones into all classes of airspace; super-high-altitude-operating aerial vehicles). (further details in the Funding&Tenders link) 
  • Operations for safe return to land in single-pilot operations. This will involve the specification of the conditions under which pilot incapacitation is declared and how this is handled by the various actors involved (including in the aircraft, the airline operation centre and ATM) and of the role of the ground assistant when the pilot is in command.
  • Operations for FOC–wing operations centre (WOC)–ATC connectivity in single-pilot operations. This will involve addressing the expected role of the FOC/WOC in the case of abnormal situations involving single-pilot operations requiring their connection to ATC centres to support safe return to land, even in a congested traffic environment.
  • Operations enabling the integration of drones into all classes of airspace. This covers the integration with cooperative and non-cooperative traffic of small vehicles mainly operating at very low level close to urban areas and airports, as well as large vehicles, such as RPAS, used for both civil and military applications.
  • Operations for super-high-altitude-operating aerial vehicles. This involves safe and efficient separation management and entry and exit procedures through segregated or non-segregated airspace.
• Operations for safe dialogue between controller and pilot with ML and speech-to-text-to-speech techniques (R&I needs: integrated 4D trajectory automation in support of TBOs; enabling greater ground and airborne integration and wider performance; complex digital clearances). The aim is to: 
  • replace the controller’s voice with messages that can be directly understood and executed by on-board avionics, reducing the execution time for controller directives and misunderstandings on the part of pilots;
  • perform surveillance of pilot–controller dialogues, in order to detect any misunderstanding between them.
• Integrated 4D trajectory automation in support of TBOs. This element will involve the development of a common 4D trajectory, shared between every application that needs to process each flight, and updated by every application acting upon that flight, to underpin ground-provided ATM information (R&I needs: integrated 4D trajectory automation in support of TBOs; ATM–U-space convergence; enabling greater ground and airborne integration and wider performance; complex digital clearances). (further details in the Funding&Tenders link)