The proposals are sought for cutting-edge, high-risk/high-impact research leading to game-changing impact in a defence context. They must have the following essential characteristics:

• a disruptive impact in a defence context: the proposals need to clearly address how the proposed solutions would create a disruptive effect when integrated in a realistic military operation;
• radical vision: the proposals must address a clear and radical vision, enabled by a new technology concept that challenges current paradigms. In particular, research to advance on the roadmap of a well-established technological paradigm, even if high-risk, will not be funded;
• breakthrough technological target: the proposals must target novel and ambitious scientific or technological breakthroughs that can be experimentally assessed, and the suitability of the concept for new defence applications must be duly demonstrated. Basic research without a clear technological objective targeting defence applications will not be funded.

The inherently high risks of the research proposed must be mitigated by a flexible methodology to deal with the considerable science-and-technology uncertainties and for choosing alternative directions and options.

The proposals must address disruptive technologies and should include clear descriptions of the proposed criteria to assess work package completion.

The proposals may address any area of interest for defence, such as, but not limited to, the following ones:

• Measurement and monitoring of physiological and cognitive state;
• Optimisation of cognitive performance in human-machine interaction, including for human-robot teaming;
• Blockchain applications (e.g., for Identification of Friend or Foe);
• Tools and applications improving cybersecurity talents screening;
• Artificial intelligence and robotic autonomous systems;
• System health monitoring and through life-cycle interoperability;
• Solutions for mechanical and “green” chemical recycling of waste of soldier individual equipment (uniforms, helmets, boots, rucksacks, plastic elements, harness, etc.);
• Concepts and corresponding technologies to ensure a safe water reuse throughout the entire water cycle of a deployable camp or a deployed combat group, including with microbial safety and hygiene considerations;
• Synthetic fuel production from waste and biomass for military use;
• High Power Microwave (HPM) Electronic Waveform Technology countering electronic systems;
• Technologies for advanced Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) for defence electronics.